Oil burner



Feb. 9, 1937. w. w. HALLINAN OIL BURNER Filed May 15, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet l +2 I M a W% w M 5 f a mm 3 W J 3 8m @2222 u a M fl t W flu MMY QQQ ATTORNEY OIL BURNER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 15, 1933 76 Mum/'7 \D ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 9, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT orrier.

OIL BURNER Application May 13, 1933, Serial No. 670,962

3 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners, and it has reference more particularly to oil burners of that character adapted for residence heating, although not limited to that particular use; it being the principal object of the invention to provide a a burner of sturdy and compact character, which may be applied readily to the ordinary type of heating furnace as used in residences, and which delivers the flame radially and horizontally from a delivery nozzle.

More specifically stated, the objects of the present invention reside in the provision of an oil burner of the above stated character embodying an electric motor, pump, fan, spray nozzle and an automatic control valve, all aunitary structure, and wherein the motor is arranged with its shaft vertically disposed and extended above the motor as asupporting and driving means for the fan whereby air is intaken and delivered in a whirling blast into the fire box of the furnace, and wherein the pump is associated directly with the motor shaft and operates to deliver the oil through a channel longitudinally of the shaft to the spray nozzle at the upper end thereof.

It is also an object to provide a construction that is substantially free of noise.

Other objects reside in the various details of construction, and in the combination of parts and in their mode of operation as will hereinafter be described.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the invention, I have provided the improved details of construction, the preferred forms of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

wherein--- Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an oil burner embodied by the present invention, as applied to a furnace.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the same.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged section detail of the spray nozzle. I

Fig. 4 is a cross section, taken on line 4-4 in Fig. 5, showing the pump mechanism and pressure regulator.

Fig. 4a is a sectional detail on the line 4a-4a in Fig. 4.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view .of the burner in the plane of the axis of rotation.

Fig. 6 is a cross section, on a reduced scale. taken on line 6-6 in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a cross section on line 'l-'l in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 1, I designates what may be the fire box of an ordinary type of furnace, as employed for residence heating, having an opening 2 at one side, through which the burner may be ap plied or installed, within the lower part of the furnace.

The burner includes, as a part thereof, an electric motor disposed with its axis in vertical position, and contained within a cylindrical housing 3, to which base and top plates 4 and 5, respectively, are applied. The base plate 4 has three equally spaced lugs 6 extending radially therefrom in which legs I are fixed to support the burner in operating position in the furnace.

These legs are equipped at their lower ends with rubber cushioning pads la to absorb vibration.

The motor shaft 8 is revolubly supported by anti-friction ball bearings 9 and Ill, contained in raceways fitted thereto and seated within sockets I l-l2 provided therefor in the end plates 4 and 5 and this shaft mounts the rotor l3 within the field M which, as seen in Fig. 5, is secured within the cylindrical casing 3.

The lower end plate 4 of the motor housing is provided at its lower side, and about the motor shaft, with a pump chamber IS in which pump gears I6 and H are revolubly contained as seen in Fig. i. The gear i6 is keyed on the motor shaft 8 to rotate therewith while the gear i1 is revoluble on a pin l8 extended therethrough with its upper end contained in a socket l9 opening into the top of the chamber and with its lower end in a hole [9a in a plate 20 that underlies and closes the pump chamber and is clamped between a flange 2! on the base plate and the mounting fiange22 of a valve housing 23 applied to the under side of the plate 20.

As seen best in Fig. 5, the motor shaft 8 extends downwardly beyond bearing l0 and through the lower end plate of the motor, through the plate 20 and into the valve housing 23 where it has a nut 25 fixed thereon. This nut is provided in its under side with a diametrical, downwardly opening channel 26, in which a pair of weights 2121 are pivotally suspended by pivot pins 28 through their upper ends. Coiled springs 29, are contained in registering sockets 3!] and 3! provided therefor in the nut and weights, respectively, and act on the weights to urge their lower ends together. However, on rotation of the motor shaft, centrifugal action of the weights causes their lower ends to swing outwardly. The motor shaft has an axial bore 35 therethrough as an oil feed channel. This channel opens at the lower end of the shaft through nut 25 into the valve housing 23 and at its upper end communicates with the spray nozzle applied thereto, as presently described. Within the channel 35 is a valve seat 37 and fitted thereto, is the tapered upper end 38a of a valve pin 38 which, at its lower end, has an annular encircling groove 39 into which fingers 40, projecting inwardly from the upper ends of the weights Zl2'!, eX- tend. The expanding tendency of the coiled springs 29 normally retains the weights in position, to hold the valve closed, but incident to rotation of the motor shaft, and the resultant spreading apart of the lower ends of the weights, the valve pin will be drawn downwardly away from the seat thereby to open the channel for delivery of oil upwardly through channel 35 to the spray nozzle, due to the action of the pump gears.

As seen in Figs. 1 and 5, fuel oil is delivered into the pump chamber !5 from a supply pipe 42 threaded into a channel 43 opening into the chamber, at one side of the pump gears. The intaken oil, by action of the gears, is forcibly discharged from the opposite side of the chamber through a passage 44 leading downwardly from the chamber through plate 20 and opening into the valve housing 23. Action of the pump is to intake the fuel oil and then deliver it under pressure into the valve housirg, wherein, under control of the centrifugal valve, it is admitted under pressure into the channel of the motor shaft.

Associated with the valve housing 23 is a pressure relief valve mechanism, as seen best in Fig. 4. This comprises a housing 45 containing a chamber 48 in which a valve piston 47 is slidably fitted. A channel 48 leads from the valve housing to provide connection for a pressure gauge as designated at 49 in Fig. 4, and from this channel,

communicating ports 51! open into the base of I ,chamber 46 so that pressure in the valve housing is communicated to the chamber 45 and tends to move the piston 4'! outwardly against the holding action of a spring 52 confined within the outer end of the chamber by a plug 53. The spring is placed under compression by adjustment of the plug to withstand a predetermined pressure and when it yields, the piston uncovers a relief passage 54 leading into an outlet or return pipe 55.

In the upper end plate 5 of the motor is integral with a housing 5 3 comprising an air chamber '15 encircling shaft 8 and provided with outside openings 16. A damper collar Tl encircles this part of the end plate and is provided with openings 78 adapted to register with the openings 16 to admit air into the chamber, but by a rotatable adjustment of the collar, the openings may be moved out of registration to control the amount of air admitted.

The upper part of chamber 15 is provided about shaft 8 with a large opening 8!] leading into a fan chamber 8| containing a fan 82 fixed on shaft 8.

The fan operates to draw air into the chamber and deliver it upwardly and through a concentric opening 83 in an end plate or cover plate 85' fitted to the upper face of the fan housing.

To cause the air to be delivered in a whirling blast, I have equipped the fan housing with a plurality of spiral fins 8? which operate to give the air stream a whirling action as it moves upwardly. The end plate 85 also is equipped with a plurality of deflecting fins 85 curved spirally across the air outlet 83 into the furnace and these terminate closely about the upper end of shaft 8 to which the spray nozzle is applied, and together with the whirling action created by the fan and fins Bl, cause the air blast to whirl as it enters the furnace.

The spray nozzle comprises a tip 90, as seen best in Fig. 3, which threads into the shaft bore 35. This tip has an end perforation 9| through which the oil is delivered in an atomized spray. A screen 92 is applied in the passage 35 adjacent the nozzle to catch sediment that might pass thereinto and a cup 95 is applied about the burner tip to catch any drip that may flow from the nozzle when it stops spinning.

When the burner is installed in a furnace, as

, seen in Fig. 1, an annular collar 91 is applied about the upper end to close off the fire box. As seen in Fig. 1, this collar is supported by legs 98 and is spaced slightly from the motor housing so that motor vibration or noises will not be transmitted to the furnace walls. There is also an annular plate 99 overlying the collar and extending to the furnace walls as shown. The burner is ignited by passing of electric sparks or an arc across a gap between terminals |D0 H10 overlying the upper end of the burner and terminating just above the nozzle. These terminals have the usual insulation and are connected with a transformer I02 to which current is supplied in the usual way.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In an oil burner, a fan housing, a motor driven hollow shaft extending vertically therethrough, a spray nozzle on the upper end of the shaft, a centrifugal fan fixed on the shaft within the housing; said housing having airinlet ports for supplying air to the fan and having a discharge port encircling the shaft about the spray nozzle, means supplying fuel oil through said shaft to the nozzle and said fan housing having spirallydirected deflectors on its inner walls extending from the fan toward the discharge port for causing the air discharge from the fan to be delivered through the discharge port in a whirling blast.

2. In an oil burner, a housing formed with an air chamber and a fan chamber; the air chamber having outside openings and having a central opening from the air chamber into the fan chamber; the fan chamber having a discharge opening; a motor driven hollow shaft extending through the chambers and the said central and discharge openings, a spray nozzle on the upper end of the shaft, a centrifugal fan fixed on the shaft within the fan chamber to receive air from the air chamber through the said central opening; means supplying fuel oil through said shaft to the nozzle, and said fan chamber having spirally extendingdeflectors on its inner walls 

